鎬濇矏灝斿皬璇懼爞锝滆鏀朵笅錛佽繖浠藉コ鎬х澶勪繚鍋ユ寚鍗?/h1>
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鍙戝竷鏃ユ湡錛?021/10/11 15:01:00
鎻愬埌縐佸淇濆仴錛屽彲鑳芥湁浜轟細鎯沖埌鈥滄礂媧楁洿鍋ュ悍鈥濓紝鍏跺疄縐佸鍋ュ悍鍙繙涓嶆榪欎簺銆?/font>
濂蟲�х殑縐佸鎸囦細闃撮儴銆傞槾閬撴湁鍏跺ぉ鐒剁殑淇濇姢緇撴瀯錛屽鏈夊ぇ灝忛槾鍞囧悎鎷紝榪欐槸涓�閬撳叧鍗?/font>錛?/font>閲岄潰鐨?/font>鐩嗗簳鑲岋紝浣塊槾閬撳墠鍚庡绱ц創錛岄槾閬撳彛闂悎錛屽彲浠ラ槻姝㈠鐣岀殑姹℃煋錛岃繖鏄簩閬撳叧鍗°�備竴鏃﹂槾閬撴澗寮涳紝闃插盡鍔熻兘灝卞ぇ澶ч檷浣庝簡錛岀澶勭殑鍋ュ悍灝變細鍙楀埌濞佽儊銆?/font>
濡傛灉鐩嗗簳鑲屾澗寮涳紝涓嶅厜鏄槾閬撻槻寰″姛鑳戒笅闄嶏紝瀛愬銆侀槾閬撶殑鍓嶅悗澹侀兘鏈夊彲鑳芥帀涓嬫潵錛屽氨鏄鉤鏃舵墍璇寸殑鑴卞瀭錛岃�屼笖榪樹細褰卞搷澶鐢熸椿鍝?/font>銆?/font>
鐢熸椿涓湁鍝簺縐佸淇濆仴鏂規硶錛?/font>
1銆?/font>鏃ュ父娓呮礂
姣忔櫄鐢ㄦ俯姘村啿媧楃澶勶紝淇濇寔縐佸鐨勬磥鍑�鍜屽共鐕ワ紝鍑忓皯緇嗚弻婊嬬敓銆?/font>
2銆?/font>瀹氭湡濡囩媯�鏌?/font>
寤鴻鏈夋�х敓媧葷殑鎴愬勾濂蟲�ф瘡騫撮兘鍋氫竴嬈″縐戞鏌ワ紝鍥犱負寰堝濡囩鐤劇梾鍦ㄥ墠鏈熸槸娌℃湁浠諱綍鐥囩姸鐨勩�?/font>
3銆?/font>緇忓父媧誨姩
灝ゅ叾鏄箙鍧愮殑宸ヤ綔錛岄暱鏈熶笉媧誨姩錛岀澶勪細閫忎笉榪囨皵錛屽鏄撴粙鐢熺粏鑿屽拰鐥呰弻銆傚洜姝わ紝涔呭潗鐨勭幆澧冧笅灝介噺澶氱珯璧鋒潵璧板姩璧板姩銆?/font>
4銆?/font>涓嶇┛绱ц韓瑁?/font>
寰堝绱ц韓瑁ゆ潗璐ㄥ睘浜庡亸紜殑甯冩枡錛屽鏄撳縐佸鐨偆浜х敓鎸ゅ帇鍜屾懇鎿︼紝瀵艱嚧鎰熸煋錛屾墍浠ヤ笉瑕侀綣佺┛绱ц韓瑁わ紝寮曡搗縐佸鐦欑棐銆?/font>
5銆?/font>鑽墿娌葷枟
鏈変簺闃撮亾鏉懼紱涓庨泴嬋�绱犳按騫充笅闄嶆湁鍏籌紝灝ゅ叾鏄腑鑰佸勾濂蟲�э紝鍙互浣跨敤嬋�绱犵浉鍏寵嵂鐗╂潵寤剁紦縐佸閫�鍖栫殑鎯呭喌銆?/font>
闄や簡鐢熸椿涓殑榪欎簺淇濆吇澶栵紝鍛墊姢鐩嗗簳鑲屼篃鏄竴涓噸瑕佺幆鑺傘�傛�庢牱鎵嶈兘璁╃泦搴曡倢鏇村姞寮烘湁鍔涳紝鏀舵斁鑷鍛紵
1銆?/font>鐢熺墿鍙嶉鍙婄數鍒烘縺
鎻愰珮鐩嗗簳鑲屾敹緙╄兘鍔涖�侀闃插拰娌葷枟鐩嗗簳鍔熻兘闅滅鎬х柧鐥咃紝濡傚翱澶辯銆佽劚鍨傘�侀槾閬撴澗寮涚瓑錛屽府鍔╁コ鎬у洖褰掑仴搴鳳紝鎵懼洖鑷俊錛?/font>
璇勪及鐩嗗簳鑲岃倝鐨勮倢鍔涙儏鍐靛悗錛屽埄鐢ㄧ數鍒烘縺鍙婄敓鐗╁弽棣堣緇冿紝鍞ら啋鍙楁崯鐨勭泦搴曠緇忋�佽倢鑲夛紝澧炲姞鐩嗗簳鑲岃倝鑲屽姏鍜屽脊鎬э紝浣跨泦搴曞姛鑳芥仮澶嶆甯革紝鍚屾椂鍙互浣跨泦搴曡倢璁粌鐨勬洿鍔犺嚜濡傘�?/font>
2銆?/font>Kegel璁粌
1940騫達紝Arnold Kegel鍖葷敓鎻愬嚭浜?/font>Kegel璁粌鐨勬柟娉曪紝鐢ㄦ潵鍔犲己鐩嗗簳鑲岀殑鍔涢噺錛屽噺灝戝翱澶辯鐨勫彂鐢熴�傚悗鏉ュ彂鐜拌繖涓�璁粌鏂規硶绔熺劧鍙互鏀瑰杽鎬х敓媧昏川閲忋�?/font>
鍏蜂綋鏂規硶錛?/font>鐢ㄥ姏蹇�熺緝绱ц倹闂紝淇濇寔3-5縐掞紝蹇�熸斁鏉撅紝淇濇寔5-10縐掞紱鍐嶆鏀剁緝銆佹斁鏉撅紝濡傛鍙嶅錛涙敹緙╀繚鎸佹椂闂撮�愭笎寤墮暱鑷?/font>5-10縐掞紱姣忔10-15鍒嗛挓錛屾瘡澶?/font>2-3嬈★紝姣忓懆3-5澶┿�?/font>
3銆?/font>闃撮亾鍝戦搩璁粌
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涓轟粈涔?/font>浣?/font>榪熻繜涓嶅仛浜у悗淇錛熷洜涓哄府浣犳嬁涓繪剰鐨勪漢澶錛?/font>寰�鍚庝綑鐢燂紝鑵扮柤鐨勬槸浣犮�佺泦搴曟澗寮涙紡灝跨殑鏄綘銆佸縐戠値鐥囧弽鍙嶅澶嶈繕鏄綘錛佷笉瑕佸湪閫傚悎鐨勬椂鏈燂紝閿欒繃浜у悗淇錛?/font> 鈥?/span>
鎬濇矏灝斾駭鍚庝慨澶?/span>涓績鑷紑鍒涗互鏉ワ紝鍧氭寔浼犳挱縐戝鐨勪駭鍚庝慨澶嶇悊蹇碉紝澶氬勾緇忛獙鍑濈粨鎴愪竴鏁村瀹屾暣鐨勪駭鍚庝慨澶嶄綋緋?/span>錛?/span>甯姪浜у悗濂蟲�у鎶楄韓鏉愯蛋褰€�佹皵琛�涓や簭銆佸唴鍒嗘硨澶辮皟絳夐棶棰樸�傛�濇矏灝斾駭鍚庝慨澶嶄腑蹇冧互縐戝瀹屽杽鐨勬仮澶嶄綋緋匯�佺簿婀涚殑鎶�鏈府鍔╂棤鏁頒駭鍚庡濡堟仮澶嶇編涓?/span>鍋?/span>搴楓�侀噸鎷句俊蹇冿紝涔熷湪涓氱晫鏀惰幏濂藉彛紕戙�?/span>
鎴戞槸璋侊紵
鎴戞槸鎬濇矏灝旓紒
鍋氫駭鍚庝慨澶嶅崄騫達紝鎷ユ湁澶氬鐩磋惀搴楋紒
鎴戣兘緇欎綘甯︽潵浠�涔堬紵
鍦ㄦ瘝涔崇殑鎯呭喌涓嬶紝鍋ュ悍鍑忛噸錛屾仮澶嶇編涓藉仴搴鳳紝閲嶆嬀鑷俊錛?/span>
錛堟枃涓儴鍒?/font>鍐呭婧愯嚜緗戠粶錛屽洜鏃犳硶瀵誨叾鍘熶綔鑰咃紝濡傛秹鍙婁鏡鏉冿紝璇瘋仈緋誨皬緙栧垹闄わ紝璋㈣阿錛侊級
鎻愬埌縐佸淇濆仴錛屽彲鑳芥湁浜轟細鎯沖埌鈥滄礂媧楁洿鍋ュ悍鈥濓紝鍏跺疄縐佸鍋ュ悍鍙繙涓嶆榪欎簺銆?/font>
濂蟲�х殑縐佸鎸囦細闃撮儴銆傞槾閬撴湁鍏跺ぉ鐒剁殑淇濇姢緇撴瀯錛屽鏈夊ぇ灝忛槾鍞囧悎鎷紝榪欐槸涓�閬撳叧鍗?/font>錛?/font>閲岄潰鐨?/font>鐩嗗簳鑲岋紝浣塊槾閬撳墠鍚庡绱ц創錛岄槾閬撳彛闂悎錛屽彲浠ラ槻姝㈠鐣岀殑姹℃煋錛岃繖鏄簩閬撳叧鍗°�備竴鏃﹂槾閬撴澗寮涳紝闃插盡鍔熻兘灝卞ぇ澶ч檷浣庝簡錛岀澶勭殑鍋ュ悍灝變細鍙楀埌濞佽儊銆?/font>
濡傛灉鐩嗗簳鑲屾澗寮涳紝涓嶅厜鏄槾閬撻槻寰″姛鑳戒笅闄嶏紝瀛愬銆侀槾閬撶殑鍓嶅悗澹侀兘鏈夊彲鑳芥帀涓嬫潵錛屽氨鏄鉤鏃舵墍璇寸殑鑴卞瀭錛岃�屼笖榪樹細褰卞搷澶鐢熸椿鍝?/font>銆?/font>
鐢熸椿涓湁鍝簺縐佸淇濆仴鏂規硶錛?/font>
1銆?/font>鏃ュ父娓呮礂
姣忔櫄鐢ㄦ俯姘村啿媧楃澶勶紝淇濇寔縐佸鐨勬磥鍑�鍜屽共鐕ワ紝鍑忓皯緇嗚弻婊嬬敓銆?/font>
2銆?/font>瀹氭湡濡囩媯�鏌?/font>
寤鴻鏈夋�х敓媧葷殑鎴愬勾濂蟲�ф瘡騫撮兘鍋氫竴嬈″縐戞鏌ワ紝鍥犱負寰堝濡囩鐤劇梾鍦ㄥ墠鏈熸槸娌℃湁浠諱綍鐥囩姸鐨勩�?/font>
3銆?/font>緇忓父媧誨姩
灝ゅ叾鏄箙鍧愮殑宸ヤ綔錛岄暱鏈熶笉媧誨姩錛岀澶勪細閫忎笉榪囨皵錛屽鏄撴粙鐢熺粏鑿屽拰鐥呰弻銆傚洜姝わ紝涔呭潗鐨勭幆澧冧笅灝介噺澶氱珯璧鋒潵璧板姩璧板姩銆?/font>
4銆?/font>涓嶇┛绱ц韓瑁?/font>
寰堝绱ц韓瑁ゆ潗璐ㄥ睘浜庡亸紜殑甯冩枡錛屽鏄撳縐佸鐨偆浜х敓鎸ゅ帇鍜屾懇鎿︼紝瀵艱嚧鎰熸煋錛屾墍浠ヤ笉瑕侀綣佺┛绱ц韓瑁わ紝寮曡搗縐佸鐦欑棐銆?/font>
5銆?/font>鑽墿娌葷枟
鏈変簺闃撮亾鏉懼紱涓庨泴嬋�绱犳按騫充笅闄嶆湁鍏籌紝灝ゅ叾鏄腑鑰佸勾濂蟲�э紝鍙互浣跨敤嬋�绱犵浉鍏寵嵂鐗╂潵寤剁紦縐佸閫�鍖栫殑鎯呭喌銆?/font>
闄や簡鐢熸椿涓殑榪欎簺淇濆吇澶栵紝鍛墊姢鐩嗗簳鑲屼篃鏄竴涓噸瑕佺幆鑺傘�傛�庢牱鎵嶈兘璁╃泦搴曡倢鏇村姞寮烘湁鍔涳紝鏀舵斁鑷鍛紵
1銆?/font>鐢熺墿鍙嶉鍙婄數鍒烘縺
鎻愰珮鐩嗗簳鑲屾敹緙╄兘鍔涖�侀闃插拰娌葷枟鐩嗗簳鍔熻兘闅滅鎬х柧鐥咃紝濡傚翱澶辯銆佽劚鍨傘�侀槾閬撴澗寮涚瓑錛屽府鍔╁コ鎬у洖褰掑仴搴鳳紝鎵懼洖鑷俊錛?/font>
璇勪及鐩嗗簳鑲岃倝鐨勮倢鍔涙儏鍐靛悗錛屽埄鐢ㄧ數鍒烘縺鍙婄敓鐗╁弽棣堣緇冿紝鍞ら啋鍙楁崯鐨勭泦搴曠緇忋�佽倢鑲夛紝澧炲姞鐩嗗簳鑲岃倝鑲屽姏鍜屽脊鎬э紝浣跨泦搴曞姛鑳芥仮澶嶆甯革紝鍚屾椂鍙互浣跨泦搴曡倢璁粌鐨勬洿鍔犺嚜濡傘�?/font>
2銆?/font>Kegel璁粌
1940騫達紝Arnold Kegel鍖葷敓鎻愬嚭浜?/font>Kegel璁粌鐨勬柟娉曪紝鐢ㄦ潵鍔犲己鐩嗗簳鑲岀殑鍔涢噺錛屽噺灝戝翱澶辯鐨勫彂鐢熴�傚悗鏉ュ彂鐜拌繖涓�璁粌鏂規硶绔熺劧鍙互鏀瑰杽鎬х敓媧昏川閲忋�?/font>
鍏蜂綋鏂規硶錛?/font>鐢ㄥ姏蹇�熺緝绱ц倹闂紝淇濇寔3-5縐掞紝蹇�熸斁鏉撅紝淇濇寔5-10縐掞紱鍐嶆鏀剁緝銆佹斁鏉撅紝濡傛鍙嶅錛涙敹緙╀繚鎸佹椂闂撮�愭笎寤墮暱鑷?/font>5-10縐掞紱姣忔10-15鍒嗛挓錛屾瘡澶?/font>2-3嬈★紝姣忓懆3-5澶┿�?/font>
3銆?/font>闃撮亾鍝戦搩璁粌
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涓轟粈涔?/font>浣?/font>榪熻繜涓嶅仛浜у悗淇錛熷洜涓哄府浣犳嬁涓繪剰鐨勪漢澶錛?/font>寰�鍚庝綑鐢燂紝鑵扮柤鐨勬槸浣犮�佺泦搴曟澗寮涙紡灝跨殑鏄綘銆佸縐戠値鐥囧弽鍙嶅澶嶈繕鏄綘錛佷笉瑕佸湪閫傚悎鐨勬椂鏈燂紝閿欒繃浜у悗淇錛?/font> 鈥?/span>
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鎴戞槸璋侊紵
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